The K-12 TLC Daily Almanac

for

		FEBRUARY 10

Teaching - there can be no finer calling requiring the clearest demonstration of moral and ethical behavior. Ira Shull, For the Love of Teaching

Why do you teach? Let Us Know.		Tell Us about your most memorable teacher.

Today's 5-Minute Quest

Answers to all questions can be found on this page or by using links provided on this page.
Good Luck!

BEGINNERS

1. On this date in 1989, who became the first African American to head a major U.S. political party? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

2. What issue was Paul Cuffe protesting on this date in 1780? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

3. According to the Negro League Baseball Players Association, Rube Foster is best known as the man who organized what? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

Use all of these letters to spell the name of a political or social leader born on this date:
NOHOW CATTLEMAN RIGS

INTERMEDIATE

1. On this date in 1987, who increased the pressure on South Africa to reform its policy of apartheid? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

2. According to the University of Michigan, what position did Alexa Canady hold at the Children's Hospital of Michigan in Detroit beginning in 1993? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

3. According to Starkville High School, what was Charles Evers' father's creed? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

Use all of these letters to spell the title of an opera in which Leontyne Price appeared in the 1950s (according to the Kennedy Center):
GLIM FAUCET

EXPERT
(hint: all three questions will require you to use a link found on this page)

1. According to Random House, where would Ralph Waldo Ellison's mother get the books that she would bring home for him to read?

2. According to PBS, in what city did Leontyne Price make her operatic stage debut in September, 1957?

3. According to the History Channel, in which organization did Alex Haley serve as a journalist for two decades?

Use all of these letters to spell the title of a work by Ralph Waldo Ellison (according to Authors' Calendar):
DAWN HAD COATS


Ralph Waldo Ellison	Alexa Canady	Leontyne Price Born on This Date 1927 [University of Pennsylvania]	Charles Evers	Andrew "Rube" Foster


Umbrella Day
Malta: Feast of St. Paul's Shipwreck (Celebration of the arrival of St. Paul to Malta in 60 A.D.)



1924	Edward Dolan (California-born Children's Author)
1930	E. L. Konigsburg (New York City-born Children's Author)
1932	Franz Brandenburg (Swiss-born Children's Author)
1934	James Rice (Texas-born Children's Author, Illustrator)
1943	Stephen Gammell (Iowa-born Children's Author, Illustrator)
1963	Mark Teague (California-born Children's Author, Illustrator)

1775	Charles Lamb (English Author)
1890	Boris Pasternak (Russian Author of Dr. Zhivago; 1958 Nobel Laureate for Literature)
1898	Bertolt Brecht (German Poet, Playwright)
1913	Charles Henri Ford (Mississippi-born Poet)

1911	Kapo (Mallica Reynolds: Jamaican Artist))

1819	Richard S. Willis (Massachusetts-born Composer of "It Came Upon a Midnight Clear")
1927	Leontyne Price (Mississippi-born African-American Operatic Singer)
1929	Jerry Goldsmith (California-born Film Score Composer)
1939	Barbara Kolb (Connecticut-born Composer)

1846	Ira Remsen (New York City-born Chemist, Educator)
1897	John Enders (Connecticut-born Chemist; 1954 Nobel Laureate for Medicine)
1902	Per Teodor Cleve (Swedish Chemist)
1902	Walter Brattain (Washington-born co-Inventor of the Transistor; 1956 Nobel Laureate for Physics)

1854	Joseph Charles Price (North Carolina-born African-American Educator)
1894	Harold Macmillan (Prime Minister of England)
1907	Grace Towns Hamilton (Georgia-born Civil Rights Activist)
1961	George Stephanopoulos (Massachusetts-born Political Advisor to President Bill Clinton; Journalist)

1893	Jimmy Durante (New York City-born Actor, Singer)
1897	Judith Anderson (Australian Actress)
1901	Stella Adler (New York City-born Actor, Educator)
1904	John Farrow (Australian Filmmaker)
1906	Lon Chaney Jr. (Oklahoma-born Actor)
1909	"Chick" Webb (Maryland-born African-American Jazz Drummer)
1930	Robert Wagner (Detroit-born Actor)
1939	Roberta Flack (North Carolina-born African-American Grammy Winning Popular Singer)
1941	Michael Apted (English Filmmaker)
1967	Laura Dern (Los Angeles-born Actress)

1894	Herb Pennock (Pennsylvania-born Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame)
1950	Mark Spitz (California-born Member of the Swimming Hall of Fame)
1955	Greg Norman (Australian Member of the Golf Hall of Fame)

1837	Aleksandr Pushkin (Russian Poet)
1901	Wilhelm Konrad von Roentgen (German Physicist Who Discovered X-Rays; 1901 Nobel Laureate for Physics")
1912	Joseph Lister (English Scientist)
1939	Pope Pius XI (Italian-born Roman Catholic Pope)
1957	Laura Ingalls Wilder (Wisconsin-born Children's Author)
1992	Alex Haley (New York-born African-American Author)
1993	Otto R. Salassi (Mississippi-born Children's Author)
2005	Arthur Miller (New York City-born Playwright)
2005	Fritz Scholder (Minnesota-born Native-American Artist)


1604	King James Authorizes an English Bible Translation

1763	Treaty of Paris Ends French & Indian Wars: France Cedes Canada and the Regions Northwest of the Ohio River to England
1779	Patriot Militias Attack British Loyalists at Carr's Fort, in Wilkes County, Georgia
1780	Massachusetts' African-American, Paul Cuffe, Protests Taxation without the Right to Vote
1787	Georgia Selects Its Representatives for the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia
	Georgia's Governor Signs an Act Making It Illegal to Maim or Disfigure Another Person
	The Delaware General Assembly Passes a Law Banning Slave Trade in the State
1791	Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton, Reports to Congress on Trade with China

1805	Governor William C. C. Claiborne Approves Act Establishing a Militia for the Territory of Orleans
1805	Lewis: This Morning was Cloudy after a slight snow which fell in the course of the night the wind blue very hard from N. W. altho' the thermometer stood at 18° Above naught the violence of the wind caused a degree of could that was much more unpleasent than that of yesterday when thermometer stood at 10° only above the same point. Mr. McKinzey left me this morning. Charbono returned with one of the Frenchmen and informed that he had left the three Horses and two men with the meat which Capt. Clark had sent at some distance below on the river— he told me that the horses were heavy loaded and that not being shod it was impossible for horses to travel on the ice. I determined to send down some men with two small slays for the meat and accordingly I gave orders that they should set out early the next morning. two men were also sent to conduct the horses by way of the plain. Ordway: high wind from N. W. Squawlly flights of Snow. an Instance happned last evening a little Singular one of our men returning from the Mandans village 2 or 3 young Indians followed him the Gate being Shut in Stead of calling to the Guard he went round back of the Fort and Scaled over. one of the Indians followed him over. Capt. Lewis ordered the Indian away after Giving him a Scolding at the Same time telling him that he was not So much to blame as the white man Setting the example, & Gave him a piece of tobacco & Started him & confined the man for Setting Such a pernicious example to the Savages. to day at 12 oClock he was tried by a court martial. at Sunset the proceedings of The court martial came out the prisoner was Sentenced 50 lashes & laid to the mercy of the commanding officer who was pleased to forgive him the punishment awarded by the court.— towards evening Mr Sharboner a frenchman who had been with the hunting party returned to the Fort and Informed us that he left 3 horses loaded with meat about 8 mls. down the River. the Ice being Smoth the horses could not Go on Ice with out Shoes. he Informed us also that the hunting party had killed 13 Elk 33 Deer & 3 buffaloe, one of the hunters killed 2 deer at one Shot,
1806	Lewis: Drewyer visited his traps today but caught no beaver. Collins and Wiser returned had killed no Elk. Willard arrived late in the evening from the Saltworks, had cut his knee very badly with his tommahawk. he had killed four Elk not far from the Salt works the day before yesterday, which he had butched and took a part of the meat to camp, but having cut his knee was unable to be longer ucefull at the works and had returned. he informed us that Bratton was very unwell, and that Gibson was so sick that he could not set up or walk alone and had desired him to ask us to have him brought to the Fort. Coalter also returned this evening. continue the operation of drying our meat. Gass: A light snow fell last night, and the morning was pleasant. In the afternoon two men came from the salt works, with information that two others were sick and a third had cut his knee so badly he could scarcely walk.
1806	At the North West Company Post on Minnesota's Leech Lake, Lieutenant Zebulon Pike Orders, the British Union Jack Replaced with the Stars and Stripes
1807	The Ohio Legislature Authorizes the Creation of Ashtabula and Portage Counties
1831	City of Monticello, Florida Is Incorporated
1834	The "Mule-powered" Tallahassee Railroad Company Is Incorporated with a Total of 22 Miles of Track
1835	The First Digest of Arkansas Laws Is Completed
1840	Britain's Queen Victoria Marries Prince Albert of Saxe Coburg-Gotha.
1846	Mormons Begin Exodus to Utah to Escape Persecution in Illinois
1852	The Texas Legislature Confirms Ownership of 234 Land Grants in Five South Texas Counties by the Original Spanish and Mexican Grantees
1853	In Wisconsin, the Appleton Crescent Is the First Newspaper in Outagamie County
1861	Jefferson Davis Learns He Is Interim President of the Confederacy
1861	Abraham Lincoln Spends His Last Day in Springfield, Illinois with Family, Friends and Associates
1863	The Lincolns Borrow the Book, "Cunningham Nell Gwynn," from the Library of Congress
1863	The California State Legislature Selects John Conness to Serve as U.S. Senator
1864	5 Union Forces Are Killed and 20 Confederates Are Captured in Skirmish East of Lake City, Florida
1864	President Lincoln Loses the Family's Horses and Ponies in a Stable Fire
1865	President Lincoln Sends Documents to Congress on the Hampton Roads Conference
1870	The Carson City, Nevada Mint Delivers Its First Silver Dollars for Circulation
1874	African-American Inventor, Lewis Latimer, Receives His First Patent
1877	The American Physiological Society Is Formed in Boston
1881	Alabama's Legislature Establishes Tuskegee Institute as Normal School for Education of Colored Teachers
1891	Congress Passes Act Preventing the Counterfeiting of Coinage Tools
1897	"All the News That's Fit to Print" First Appears on Page 1 The New York Times
1897	A Vaccine Is Discovered for the Rinderpest Disease in Cattle
1899	Electric Street Lights Illuminate Miami, Florida's Avenue B and 12th Street for the First Time
	The Wilson & Sylvester Sawmill at Wrangell Receives Machinery Making It the Largest Sawmill in Alaska
	Herbert Hoover Marries Fellow Stanford University Geology Student, Lou Henry

1906	Two Policemen Are Killed by Black South African's Resisting the Collection of Poll Tax
1916	Woodrow Wilson's Secretary of War Resigns
1920	Rioters Sack San Francisco's Sun Theater Protesting Film Portrayal of Irish Poor
1920	Baseball Bans All Pitches Aided by Foreign Substances
1926	Ayn Rand Departs France Bound for the United States
1933	First Singing Telegram Introduced by the Postal Telegram Co. in New York
1934	William Faulkner Publishes "A Bear Hunt" in the Saturday Evening Post
1942	Japanese Sub Launches Brutal Attack on U.S. Naval Base at Midway
	Civilian Car Production Ends in Detroit
	Glenn Miller Receives Recording Industry's First Gold Record
1944	Army Nurse Ellen Ainsworth Is Critically Wounded at the Battle of Anzio as the Only American Woman Killed by Enemy Fire in World War II
1949	Arthur Miller's "Death of A Salesman" Premieres at Broadway's Morosco Theater
1949	West Virginia's House of Delegates First Considers Bill That Will Replace Hanging with the Electric Chair

1950	Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy Claims to Possess Names of 57 U.S. Government Employees Actively Engaged in Communist Activities
1951	William Faulkner's "Notes on a Horsethief" Is Published
1952	Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru's Congress Party Wins India's First General Election
1955	U.S. Navy Evacuates Thousands of People from the Chinese Nationalist Tachen Islands
1961	The Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Project Is Formally Dedicated
1962	American U-2 Pilot, Gary Powers, Is Exchanged for a U.S.-held Soviet Spy
1962	Jim Beatty Runs the First Indoor Four-Minute Mile (3:58.9 in Los Angeles)
1964	U.S. House of Representatives Passes the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by a Vote of 290-130
1965	Viet Cong Guerrillas Blow Up the U.S. Barracks at Qui Nhon: 23 Americans Die
	5.1 Magnitude Earthquake Kills At least 20 in Northwestern Iran
	Duluth, Minnesota Receives 15.4" of Snow
1966	House of Delegates First Considers Bill That Will Create the Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission
1967	25th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Is Ratified: Presidential Disability and Succession
1968	U.S. Figure Skater, Peggy Fleming, Wins Olympic Gold in Grenoble, France
1971	Four Journalists Die in Vietnam Helicopter Crash
1971	250 Demonstrators Protest the Vietnam War with a March from the University of Minnesota Campus to the Minneapolis Federal Building
1975	William Julius "Judy" Johnson of the Negro Baseball League Is Elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame
1976	Patent Is Issued for Combination Smoke and Heat Detector
1981	Fire At the Las Vegas Hilton Hotel-Casino: 8 die, 198 injured
1987	President Reagan Increases Pressure on South African to Reform Its Apartheid Policy
1989	Democrat's Ron Brown Is the First African American to Head a Major U.S. Political Party
1992	NASA Launches Defense Department Voice and Data Communications Satellite (DSCS III-08)
1992	Bonnie Blair, Is First American Woman to Win Gold Medals in an Event in Consecutive Winter Olympics
1996	IBM Computer Defeats World Chess Champion, Gary Kasparov
1996	A Blizzard Covers the Entire State of Minnesota, Causing Governor Arne Carlson to Close All Schools
1997	CBS's Purchases the Nashville Network and Country Music Television for a $1.5B

FEBRUARY 10