The K-12 TLC Daily Almanac

for

		MARCH 27

Teaching - there can be no finer calling requiring the clearest demonstration of moral and ethical behavior. Ira Shull, For the Love of Teaching

Why do you teach? Let Us Know.		Tell Us about your most memorable teacher.

Today's 5-Minute Quest

Answers to all questions can be found on this page or by using links provided on this page.
Good Luck!

BEGINNERS

1. On this date in 1970, which state ratified the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granting women the right to vote? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

2. On this date in 1912, who helped to plant the first two Yoshino Cherry Trees along the Potomac River? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

3. According to the Songwriters Hall of Fame, what was the title of the book in which Patty Smith Hill and her sister first published the "Happy Birthday" song? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

Use all of these letters to spell the name of a children's author or illustrator born on this date:
CRANNY GOO

INTERMEDIATE

1. On this date in 1897, who was the first African-American teacher hired in Kitsap County, Washington? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

2. According to the Hispanic Heritage Awards Foundation, why did Julia Alvarez' family leave the Dominican Republic? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

3. According to the African American Registry, where did Effa Manley first meet her husband? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

Use all of these letters to spell the name of a cast member for the opening night of the Seven Descents of Myrtle on this date in 1968 (according to Internet Broadway Database): REASONLESS PELT

EXPERT
(hint: all three questions will require you to use a link found on this page)

1. According to the University of St. Andrews, from which college did Carol Karp receive her B.A. degree?

2. According to PBS, Sarah Vaughan became the organist of her church at what age?

3. According to E! Online, Mariah Carey graduated from which high school in Green Lawn, New York?

Use all of these letters to spell the name of a cast member for the opening night of the Brighton Beach Memoirs on this date in 1983 (according to Internet Broadway Database): ENJOY VACANT PET


Julia Alvarez Born on This Date 1950	Carol Ruth Karp University of St. Andrews	Mariah Carey Born on This Date 1970 [Official Website]	Patty Smith Hill Born on This Date 1868 [Kappa Delta Pi]	Effa Manley Born on This Date 1897 [Baseball HOF]


Angola: Victory Day
Burma/Myanmar: Tatmadaw Day (Armed Forces Day)/Resistance Day (Commemorates call for national resistance fighters to overthrow occupying Japanese forces: 03/27/1945)



1922	Dick King-Smith (English Children's Author)
1944	Nancy Goor (Washington, D.C.-born Health Expert, Children's Author)
1953	Patricia C. Wrede (Illinois-born Children's Author)
1947	Tom Sullivan (Massachusetts-born Blind Popular Singer, Children's Author)

1797	Alfred de Vigny (French Poet, Playwright, Novelist)
1883	Marie Under (Estonian Poet)
1892	Thorne Smith (Maryland-born Novelist)
1914	Bud Schulberg (New York-born Novelist, Screenwriter)
1923	Louis Simpson (American Poet: Received the 1964 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry)
1927	Anthony Lewis (New York City-born Journalist Awarded the 1955 & 1963 Pulitzer Prizes for National Reporting)
1950	Julia Alvarez (New York City-born Latin-American Author, Poet, Educator)
1956	T.R. Pearson (North Carolina-born Novelist, Screenwriter)

1879	Edward Steichen (Luxembourg Photographer)
1886	Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (German Architect)

1892	Ferde Grofé (New York City-born Composer, Arranger)
1927	Mstislav Rostropovich (Azerbaijani Cellist, Conductor, Composer)

1845	Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen (German Physicist: 1901 Nobel Laureate for Physics)
1847	Otto Wallach (German Chemist: 1910 Nobel Laureate for Chemistry)
1910	John Pierce (Iowa-born "Father of Communications Satellites")

1836	Henry Royce (English Industrialist: Founder of Rolls Royce))

1868	Patty Smith Hill (Kentucky-born Pioneer in Early Childhood Education: Co-author of the Song "Happy Birthday to You")
1901	Sato Eisaku (Japanese Prime Minister, 1974 Nobel Laureate for Peace)
1909	Wally Nelson (Arkansas-born African-American Peace Activist)
1912	James Callaghan (Prime Minister of England)
1917	Cyrus R. Vance (West Virginia-born U.S. Secretary of State)

1897	Gloria Swanson (Illinois-born Actress)
1906	Pee Wee Russell (Missouri-born Jazz Clarinetist)
1909	Ben Webster (Missouri-born African-American Jazz Saxophonist)
1924	Sarah Vaughan (New Jersey-born African-American Singer, Pianist)
1931	David Janssen (Nebraska-born Actor)
1934	Arthur Mitchell (New York City-born Dancer, Choreographer)
1942	Michael York (English Actor)
1960	Johannes Kerkorrel (Afrikaner Singer, Songwriter)
1963	Quentin Tarantino (Tennessee-born Filmmaker)
1970	Mariah Carey (New York City-born Popular Singer)

1897	Effa Manley (Pennsylvania-born African-American Co-owner of the Newark Eagles of the National Negro League )
1939	Cale Yarborough (South Carolina-born Race Driver)

1625	James I, King of England and Scotland
1378	Pope Gregory XI (French-born Roman Catholic Pope)
1968	Yuri Gagarin (Russian Cosmonaut: First Man in Space)
1972	Maurits C Escher (Dutch Artist)	$Mathematics$
2002	Milton Berle (New York-born Comedian, Actor)
2002	Dudley Moore (English Actor)
2003	Paul Zendel (New York City-born Children's Author, Playwright Awarded 1971 Pulitzer Prize for Drama)


1513	Spanish Explorer Juan Ponce de León Sights Florida

1625	Charles I Is Crowned King of England, Ireland & Scotland
1667	John Milton Publishes Paradise Lost

1775	Thomas Jefferson Is Elected to the Second Continental Congress as a Virginia Delegate
1794	U.S. Congress Authorizes the Creation of a Navy

1802	Britain, France, Spain, The Netherlands Negotiate Temporary Peace with Treaty of Amiens
1806	Lewis: We set out early this morning and were shortly after joined by some of the Skillutes who came along side in a small canoe for the purpose of trading roots and fish. at 10 A. M. we arrived at two houses of this nation on the Stard. side where we halted for breakfast. here we overtook our hunters, they had killed nothing. the natives appeared extreemly hospitable, gave us dryed Anchovies, Sturgeon, wappetoe, quamash, and a speceis of small white tuberous roots about 2 inches in length and as thick as a man's finger; these are eaten raw, are crisp, milkey, and agreeably flavored. most of the party were served by the natives with as much as they could eat; they insisted on our remaining all day with them and hunting the Elk and deer which they informed us were very abundant in their neighbourhood. but as the weather would not permit us to dry our canoes in order to pitch them we declined their friendly invitation, and resumed our voyage at 12 Ock. the principal village of these Skillutes reside on the lower side of the Cow-e-lis'-kee river a few miles from it's entrance into the columbia. these people are said to be numerous. in their dress, habits, manners and language they differ but little from the Clatsops Chinnooks &c. they have latterly been at war with Chinnooks but peace is said now to be restored between them, but their intercourse is not yet resumed. no Chinnooks come above the marshey islands nor do the Skillutes visit the mouth of the Columbia. the Clatsops, Cathlahmahs and Wackkiacums are the carriers between these nations being in alliance with both.— The Coweliskee [Cowlitz River, Washington] is 150 yards wide, is deep and from indian Information navigable a very considerable distance for canoes. it discharges itself into the Columbia about three miles above a remarkable high rocky nole which is situated on the N. side of the river by which it is washed on the South side and is seperated from the Nothern hills of the river by a wide bottom of several miles to which it is united. I suspect that this river waters the country lying West of the range of mountains which pass the columbia between the great falls and rapids, and north of the same nearly to the low country which commences on the N. W. coast about Latitude [blank] North. above the Skillutes on this river another nation by the name of the Hul-loo-et-tell reside, who are said also to be numerous. at the distance of 2 m. above the village at which we breakfasted we passed the entrance of this river; we saw several fishing camps of the Skillutes on both sides of the Columbia, and were attended all the evening by parties of the natives in their canoes who visited us for the purpose of trading their fish and roots; we purchased as many as we wished on very moderate terms; they seemed perfectly satisfyed with the exchange and behaved themselves in a very orderly manner. late in the evening we passed our camp of the 5th of November and encamped about 4½ above at the commencement of the bottom land on stard. below Deer Island. we had scarcely landed before we were visited by a large canoe with eight men; from them we obtained a dryed fruit which resembled the raspburry and which I beeive to be the fruit of the large leafed thorn frequently mentioned. it is reather ascid tho' pleasently flavored. I preserved a specemine of this fruit I fear that it has been baked in the process of drying and if so the seed will not vegitate. saw the Cottonwood, sweet willow, oak, ash and the broad leafed ash, the growth which resembles the beach &c. these form the growth of the bottom lands while the hills are covered almost exclusively with the various species of fir heretofore discribed. the black Alder appears as well on some parts of the hills as the bottoms. before we set out from the Skillute village we sent on Gibson's canoe and Drewyers with orders to proceed as fast as they could to Deer island and there to hunt and wait our arrival. we wish to halt at that place to repair our canoes if possible. the indians who visited us this evening remained but a short time, they passed the river to the oposite side and encamped. the night as well as the day proved cold wet and excessively disagreeable. we came 20 miles today.—
1808	Beethoven and Salieri Attend the Last Public Appearance of Franz Joseph Haydn, Performing His Oratorio "The Creation" in Vienna
1814	Andrew Jackson Defeats Creek Indians at the Alabama Battle of Horseshoe Bend
1817	Antonio María Martínez Becomes the Last Governor of Spanish Texas
1819	President James Monroe Appoints Lawrence Taliaferro as an Indian Agent in Minnesota
1829	Andrew Jackson Appoints Scandal-Plagued John Eaton as Secretary of War
1836	Mexican Army Executes 417 Texas Revolutionaries at Goliad
1836	First Mormon Temple Is Dedicated in Kirtland, Ohio
1841	New York City's First Steam-Powered Fire Engine Is Demonstrated at City Hall Park
1846	The Mormons Reaffirm Brigham Young as Their Leader
1850	The Hildreth Brothers Strike Gold and Establish What Will Become Columbia, California
1851	California's Mariposa Battalion First European-Americans in Yosemite Valley
1861	Mrs. Lincoln and Friends Visit Mount Vernon, Home of George Washington
1862	President Lincoln Replies to Letter Regarding Poor Treatment of Indians in Minnesota
1863	President Lincoln Addresses a Group of Indian Chiefs in the East Room of White House
1863	The U.S.S. Hendrick Hudson Seizes the British Schooner Pacifique at St. Marks, Florida
1865	Lincoln, Grant and Sherman Meet at City Point, Virginia
1866	Andrew Johnson Vetoes Civil Rights Bill
1871	In Edinburgh, Scotland Defeats England in the First Rugby International Between the Two Countries
1871	The State Legislature Creates Arkansas Industrial University (the University of Arkansas)
1881	Billy the Kid Writes His Last Letter to New Mexico Governor Lew Wallace, Asking for Help with His Upcoming Criminal Trial in Mesilla
1883	Regina Is Confirmed as the Capital of Canada's North-West Territories
1884	First Long Distance Call Is Made between Boston and New York City
1890	Washington State Enacts Law Allowing Women to Vote in Local School District Elections
1897	Jane A. Ruley Is the First African-American Teacher Hired in Kitsap County, Washington

1901	The Florida State Federation of Labor Is Organized in Jacksonville
1905	Fingerprint Evidence Is Used to Solve A British Murder Case
1909	Gunjiro Aoki Weds Gladys Emery in Seattle, After Marriage Is Banned in California and Oregon
1911	The City of Fort Lauderdale, Florida Is Incorporated
1911	The National Exchange Club Is Founded in Detroit
1912	First Lady Helen Herron Taft Helps Plant the First Two Yoshino Cherry Trees Along the Potomac River
1913	Arkansas' Supreme Court Decides the Order of Succession Following the Resignation of Governor Joseph Taylor Robinson
1914	World's First Blood Transfusion Is Performed at the Hôpital Saint-Jean in Brussels, Belgium
1917	Seattle Metropolitans Defeat the Montreal Canadians As First U.S. Team to Win the Stanley Cup
1918	Bessarabia Is Annexed by Romania
1920	Hermann Müller Becomes German Chancellor (SPD)
1920	Janesville, Wisconsin Is Chosen as the Home Base for the U.S. National Guard's First Tank Company
1925	University of Texas Track Coach, Clyde Littlefield, Inaugurates the Texas Relays
1933	Japan Leaves the League of Nations
1933	Polythene (Polyethylene) Is Discovered by English Researchers, Reginald Gibson & Eric Fawcett
1940	Alfred Hitchcock's First American Film, Rebecca, Premieres in Los Angeles
1941	Yugoslav Army Overthrows pro-Axis Government of Prince Paul, Proclaiming Peter II King
1941	State of Georgia Makes It a Felony to Endanger Another Person with a Poisonous Snake
1944	American Academy of Arts and Letters Gives Its "Award of Merit" to Theodore Dreiser
1945	Germans Launch Last V-2's into England & Belgium: 200 Die
	Eisenhower Declares Germany's Western Front Broken
	Argentina Declares War on Germany and Japan
	National Hero Aung San Calls for Resistance to Remove Japanese Forces from Burma
1946	Walter Reuther Is Elected President of the United Auto Workers
1947	Georgia Prohibits Requiring Labor Dues or Fees as a Condition of Employment

1952	Singin' in the Rain Premieres at Radio City Music Hall
1958	Soviet First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev Replaces Nicolay Bulganin as Soviet Premier
1958	The U.S. Air Force White Alice Communications System (WACS) Begins Operation in Alaska
1960	U.S. Navy Test-fires a Polaris Submarine-launched Missile off the coast of Cocoa Beach, Florida
1962	New Orleans Archdiocese Announces It Is Desegregating All Schools for the 62-63 School Year
1964	9.2 Magnitude Earthquake Strikes Alaska (largest ever in the U.S.): 15 Die
1964	A Tsunami Destroys the Alaskan Towns of Seward and Valdez
1968	Tennessee Williams' Play Seven Descents of Myrtle Premieres, but Only Runs for 29 Performances
1969	NASA Launches the Mariner 7 Spacecraft to Study the Surface and Atmosphere of Mars
1970	Georgia Ratifies the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Granting Women the Right to Vote
	Georgia Passes Its First Legislation to Protect the State's Coastal Wetlands
	USSR Conducts 20 kT Underground Nuclear Test in Kazakhstan
1973	U.S. to Continue Bombing of Communists in Cambodia
1976	The First 4.2 Miles of Washington, D.C.'s Underground Metro Opens
1976	The Seattle Kingdome Opens
1977	Two Boeing 747s Collide on Canary Island Runway: 542 Die
1980	After 123 Years of Inactivity, Steam Explosions Blast a Crater through Mt. St. Helen's Summit
1980	123 Die When a North Sea Oil Platform Collapses
1983	Neil Simon's Brighton Beach Memoirs Premieres in New York City
1984	6.8 Magnitude Earthquake Is Centered Near the North Coast of Papua New Guinea
1985	200 Marchers Are Arrested in South Africa, Protesting for the Release of Nelson Mandela
1989	Russian Voters Cast Their Ballots in First-ever Parliamentary Election
1990	TV Marti Begins Broadcasting U.S. Propaganda into Cuba
1994	Piedmont, Alabama Church Collapses in Tornado: 20 Die
1997	James Earl Ray Tells Martin Luther King's Son That He Did Not Kill His Father

MARCH 27