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APRIL 18 |
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Teaching - there can be no finer calling requiring the clearest demonstration of moral and ethical behavior. Ira Shull, For the Love of Teaching |
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Why do you teach? Let Us Know. | ![]() | Tell Us about your most memorable teacher. |
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Today's 5-Minute Quest
Good Luck! |
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Zimbabwe: Independence Day
(Commemorates independence from Great Britain: 04/18/1980) |
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1907 | Evelyn Sibley Lampman (Oregon-born Children's Author of Historical Fiction) |
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1927 | Mitchell Sharmat (Massachusetts-born Children's Author) |
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1957 | Barbara Reid (Canadian Children's Author, Illustrator) |
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1580 | Thomas Middleton (English Author) |
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1853 | Ana Cristina Roqué Géigel de Duprey (Puerto Rican Writer) |
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1864 | Richard Harding Davis (Pennsylvania-born Journalist: First Famous American War Correspondent) |
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1918 | Clifton Keith Hillegass (Nebraska-born Publisher, Founder of CliffsNotes) |
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1923 | Leif Panduro (Danish Dramatist, Novelist) |
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1925 | Bob Kaufman (New Orleans-born African American Beat Generation Poet) |
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1881 | Max Weber (Russian-American Painter, Printmaker and Sculptor) |
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1904 | Harry Peyton Carnohan (West Texas Landscape Painter) |
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1729 | Gaetano Vestris (French Ballet Dancer) |
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1882 | Leopold Stokowski (English Conductor, Composer) |
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1934 | George Shirley (Indianapolis-born Tenor: First African-American Tenor Placed under Contract by the Metropolitan Opera) |
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1813 | James McCune Smith (New York City-born Doctor; First African American to Practice Medicine with a Medical Degree) |
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1905 | George Herbert Hitchings (Washington-born 1988 Nobel Laureate for Physiology or Medicine) |
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1817 | George Henry Lewes (English Philosopher, Critic, Actor, Scientist and Editor) |
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1819 | Carlos Cespedes (Cuban Revolutionary; Early Fighter for Independence from Spain) |
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1857 | Clarence Darrow (Ohio-born Attorney) |
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1940 | Ed Garvey (Wisconsin-born Labor Leader for the Major League Baseball Players Union) |
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1480 | Lucretia Borgia (Italian Renaissance Noblewoman of the Borgia Family) |
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1881 | Noble Johnson (Missouri-born African-American Movie Actor, Producer) |
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1904 | Dewey 'Pigmeat' Markham (North Carolina-born African-American Performing Artist, Comedian) |
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1906 | Eurreal "Lil Brother" Montgomery (Louisiana-born African-American Jazz Pianist and Vocalist ) |
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1921 | Barbara Hale (Illinois-born Actress) |
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1924 | Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown (Louisiana-born African-American Jazz Musician) |
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1946 | Hayley Mills (English Actress) |
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1947 | James Woods (Utah-born Actor) |
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1953 | Rick Moranis (Canadian-born Actor) |
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1956 | Eric Roberts (Mississippi-born Actor) |
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1963 | Conan O' Brien (Massachusetts-born Talk Show Host) |
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1967 | Maria Bello (Pennsylvania-born Actress) |
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1968 | Christian Slater (New York City-born Actor) |
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1976 | Melissa Joan Hart (New York-born Actress) |
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1942 | Pete Gogolak (Hungarian-American Professional Football Player) |
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1948 | Nate Archibald (New York City-born African-American Member of the Basketball Hall of Fame) |
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1949 | Geoff Bodine (New York-born Auto Racer) |
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1161 | Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury |
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1847 | Edward Douglas White (Former Governor of Louisiana: 1835-1839) |
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1853 | William Rufus King (North Carolina-born Alabama Statesman: Vice-President of the United States) |
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1895 | Robert C. Wickliffe (Former Governor of Louisiana: 1856-1860) |
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1905 | Enoch Sontonga (South African Writer, Composer of the National Anthem Nkosi Sikelel I Africa) |
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1945 | Ernie Pyle (Indiana-born Journalist, War Correspondent Killed in Combat) |
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1955 | Albert Einstein (German-American Physicist: Cited by TIME Magazine as the Most Important Person of the 20th Century) |
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2002 | Thor Heyerdahl (Norwegian Adventurer) |
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1521 | Martin Luther, Defies the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at Worms, Refusing to Recant His Writings |
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1524 | The Second Diet of Nuermberg Declares the Enforcement of the Edict of Worms Against Martin Luther |
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1775 | Paul Revere Rides Warning Patriots "the British are coming" |
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1780 | In Virginia, Richmond Replaces Williamsburg as the State Capital |
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1805 |
![]() Lewis: A fine morning, set out at an early hour. one Beaver caught this morning by two traps, having a foot in each; the traps belonged to different individuals, between whom, a contest ensued, which would have terminated, most probably, in a serious rencounter had not our timely arrival at the place prevented it. after breakfast this morning, Capt. Clark walked on Stad. shore, while the party were assending by means of their toe lines, I walked with them on the bank; found a species of pea bearing a yellow flower, and now in blume; it seldom rises more than 6 inches high, the leaf & stalk resembles that of the common gardin pea, the root is pirenial. [Thermopsis rhombifolia Nutt., golden pea]
I also saw several parsels of buffaloe's hair hanging on the rose bushes, [Rosa woodsii Lindl., western wild rose]
we were detained today from one to five P. M. in consequence of the wind which blew so violently from N. that it was with difficulty we could keep the canoes from filling with water altho' they were along shore; I had them secured by placing the perogues on the out side of them in such manner as to break the waves off them. at 5 we proceed, and shortly after met with Capt. Clark, who had killed an Elk and a deer and was wating our arrival. we took the meat on board and continued our march untill nearly dark when we came too on the Stard side under a boald welltimbered
Clark:
after brackfast I assended a hill and observed that the river made a great bend to the South, I concluded to walk thro' the point about 2 miles and take Shabono, with me, he had taken a dost of Salts &c. his Squar followed on with his child,
when I Struck the next bend of the river could See nothing of the Party, left this man & his wife & Child on the river bank and went out to hunt, Killed a young Buck Elk, & a deer, the Elk was tolerable meat, the deer verry pore, Butcherd the meat and Continued untill near Sunset before Capt Lewis and the party Came up, they were detained by the wind, which rose Soon after I left the boat from the N W. & blew verry hard untill verry late in the evening.
we Camped on the S. S. in an excellent harbor, Soon after We came too, two men went up the river to Set their |
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1806 |
![]() Lewis: Late last evening we were visited by the principal cheif of Chilluckkittaquaws and 12 of his nation they remained with us untill 9 OC. when they all departed except the Cheif and two others who slept at my feet.
we loaded our vessels and set out after an early breakfast this morning. we gave the indians a passage to the N. the Cheif when he left me this morning promised to bring some horses to barter with me at the bason.— the long narrows are much more formidable than they were when we decended them last fall there would be no possibility of passind either up or down them in any vessel.— after unloading the canoes and arranging the camp I walked up to the Skillute Village and jouined Capt. he had procured four horses only for which a high price had been given, at least more than double that which we had formerly given for those which we purchased from the Shoshonees and the first band of Flatheads. they have a great abundance of horses but will not dispose of them. we determined to make the portage to the head of the long narrows with our baggage and five small canoes. the 2 perogues we could take no further and therefore cut them up for fuel. in the evening Capt. C and myself returned to the camp at the bason and left Drewyer and three others with the merchandize at the village, three parsels of which had been laid by at the request of individuals who promised to give us horses for them in the morning.— I shot my airgun in the presents of the natives at the village which excited great astonishment.—
Clark:
Early this Morning I was awoke by an indian man of the Chopunnish Nation who informed me that he lived in
I had a fire made of Some poles purchased of the nativs at a Short distance from the houses and the articles
Collected the 4 horses purchased yesterday and Sent Frazier and Shabono with them to the bason where I expected they would meet Cap L—s and Commence the portage of the baggage on those horses.
about 10 A. M. the Indians Came down from the Eneesher Villages and I expected would take the articles which they had laid by yesterday. but to my estonishment not one would make the exchange to day—. two other parcels of good were laid by and the horses promised at 2 P. M. I payed but little attention to this bargain however Suffered the bundles to lye.
I dressed the Sores of the principal Chief gave Some Small things to his children and promised the Chief Some Medicine for to Cure his Sores. his wife who I found to be Sulky and was Somewhat efflicted with pains in her back. this I thought a good oppertunity to get her on my Side giveing here Something for her back. I rubed a little Camphere on her temples and back, and applyed worm flannel to her back which She thought had nearly restored her to her former feelings. this I thought a favourable time to trade with the Chief who had more horses than all the nation besides. I accordingly made him an offer which he excepted and Sold me two horses.
Great numbers of Indians from defferent derections visited me at this place to day, none of them appeared willing to part with their horses, but told me that Several were Comeing from the plains this evening.
among other Nations who visit this place for the purpose of trade is the Skad-datt's. those people bantered the Skillutes to play at a Singular kind of game. in the Course of the day the Skillutes won all their beeds Skins arrows
I observed another game which those people also play and is played by 2 persons with 4 Sticks about the Size of a mans finger and about 7 inches in length. two of those Sticks are black and the other 2 White and Something larger than the black ones. those Sticks they place in defferent positions which they perform under a kind of trencher made of bark round and about 14 inches diamieter. this is a very intricate game and I cannot Sufficiently understand to discribe it. the man who is in possession of the Sticks &c places them in defferent positions, and the opposit party tels the position of the black Sticks by a motion of either or both of his hands &c. this game is Counted in the Same way as the one before mentioned. all their games are accompanied with Songs and time.
at 3 P. M Sergt. Ordway & three men arived from Cap Lewis they brought with them Several Elk Skins, two of my Coats and 4 robes of the party to add to the Stores I had with me for the purchase of horses. Sgt. O. informed me
at 5 P. M. Capt. Lewis Came up. he informed me that he had the river to the bason with much difecuelty and danger, haveing made one portage.
as I had not Slept but very little for the two nights past on account of mice & virmen with which those indian houses abounded, and haveing no blanket with me, and the means of keeping a fire Sufficent to keep me worm out was too Expensive I deturmined to poceed with Capt L down to Camp at the bason. I left the Articles of Merchendize &c. with Drewyer, Werner, Shannon & Goodrich untill the morning—.
at the bason we Cut up two of our Canoes for fire wood verry much to the chagrin of the nativs not with standing they would give us nothing for them.
In my absence Several Inds. visited Capt. Lewis at his camp among others was the great Cheif of the Chilluckitquaw who Continued with him untill he left Rock fort Camp.
Capt L. had 12 pack Saddles Completed and Strings prepared of the Elk skins for Lashing the loads he also kept out all the hunters who killed just deer enough for the party with him to Subsist on.
The Cheif who had Visited Capt Lewis promised him that he would bring Some horses to the bason and trade with |
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1806 | U.S. Non-Importation Act Blocks Importation of Certain British Goods |
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1818 | Land Encompassing Current Day Wisconsin Is Made Part of the Michigan Territory |
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1820 | Soldiers at Fort St. Anthony View Minnesota's First Officially Recorded Tornado, Which Damages the Barracks Roof |
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1835 | New England Magazine Publishes "Young Goodman Brown," by Nathaniel Hawthorne |
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1842 | Graham's Magazine Publishes Edgar Allen Poe's "The Oval Portrait" |
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Juan Seguín Resigns as Mayor of San Antonio |
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1843 | The Dial Publishes Ralph Waldo Emerson's Short Poem, "Smoke." |
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1846 | Abraham Lincoln Shares a Poem He Has Written About His Boyhood Home, Spencer County, Indiana |
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1861 | Baltimore Mobs Assault Union Troops Arriving with African-American Soldiers |
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Union Troops Destroy the Harpers Ferry Armory and Arsenal Shortly Before Confederates Capture the Town |
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Confederate Troops Fail in Attempt to Bribe Federal Soldiers to Evacuate Florida's Ft. Pickens |
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Florida Convention Unanimously Approves a Constitution of the Confederate States of America |
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Colonel Robert E. Lee Is Unofficially Offered Command of the Union Army |
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1863 | Union Ships Capture a Confederate Schooner and British Blockade Runner Off the Florida Coast |
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1864 | Confederates Easily Defeat a Union Foraging Expedition at Poison Springs, Arkansas |
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Union Ships Capture Confederate and British Schooners in Florida |
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Union Troops Destroy a Salt Works Near Cape San Blas in Florida's St. Joseph Bay |
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President Lincoln Meets with Chippewa Indian Chiefs and Provides Them a Tour of the White House |
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1865 | Union General Sherman and Confederate General Joseph Johnston Sign an Armistice in North Carolina |
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1874 | Remains of Scottish Missionary/Explorer David Livingstone Are interred in Westminster Abbey |
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1880 | Tornadoes Kill 151 People in Missouri, 99 in the Town of Marshfield |
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1888 | In Minneapolis, Minnesota, 260 Female Employees Walk Out of the Clothing Factory of Shotwell, Clerihew & Lothman Demanding Higher Pay |
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1894 | Mark Twain's Company, Charles L. Webster & Co., Declares Bankruptcy |
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1905 | Author Henry James Visits Seattle, Washington |
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1906 | 7.8 Magnitude Earthquake Levels San Francisco: 3,000+ Die |
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1913 | John F. A. Strong, Owner of the Alaska Daily Empire, a Juneau Newspaper, Is Appointed Governor of Alaska |
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1915 | Germans Shoot Down French Pilot Roland Garros |
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1916 | 7.4 Magnitude Earthquake Is Centered on Alaska's Fox Islands |
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1922 | Poland Incorporates Vilna from Lithuania |
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Jack Johnson, the First African-American World Heavyweight Boxing Champion, Patents a Wrench |
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1923 | Yankee Stadium Opens in New York City; Babe Ruth Hits a Home Run to Defeat the Boston Red Sox 4-1 |
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1925 | San Francisco's Chinese Hospital Is Founded |
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1929 | Small Talk, the First "Our Gang" Picture with Sound, Debuts |
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1932 | William Faulkner Is Hired to Write Scripts for MGM |
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1934 | The Washateria, the First Public Laundromat, Opens in Fort Worth, Texas |
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1942 | Jimmy Doolittle Leads U.S. Bomber Attack of Tokyo |
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General Electric Tests the First Jet Engine Built in the United States |
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U.S. Military Newspaper, Stars & Stripes, Resumes Publication |
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1945 | Journalist Ernie Pyle Killed by Japanese Machine Gun Fire |
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1946 | The Final Assembly of the League of Nations Closes |
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1947 | Jackie Robinson Hits His First Major League Home Run Off New York Giants' Dave Koslo |
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1949 | The Republic of Ireland Is Created |
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1955 | The Northern Iowa Woman Suffrage Association Is Founded in Dubuque |
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1958 | Court Releases Ezra Pound from Hospital for Criminally Insane |
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1960 | Thousands Protest Nuclear Weapons in London's Trafalgar Square |
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1961 | JFK Denies U.S. Military Intervention in Cuba |
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1965 | Marian Anderson Ends Career with Easter Sunday Recital at Carnegie Hall |
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1966 | Bill Russell Named as the First African-American Coach in the NBA |
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1968 | London Bridge Is Sold to Americans for Reconstruction in Arizona |
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1970 | The Musical Hair Is First Performed in Seattle, Washington |
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1974 | Italian Prosecutor Mario Sossi Kidnapped by Red Brigade |
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1975 | State of Georgia Declares the Honeybee to Be Its Official Insect |
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1976 | In New York City, A Chorus Line Sweeps the Tony Awards for Best Musical and 7 More Categories |
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1978 | U.S. Senate Approves Transfer of Panamá Canal to Panamá |
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1979 | Arrival of M.V. LIULINHAI in Seattle, Washington Ends 30-Year U.S. Embargo on Chinese Goods |
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1980 | Zimbabwe Gains Independence from Great Britain |
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1982 | To Rid Itself of British Influence, Zimbabwe Renames Its Capital City from Salisbury to Harare |
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1983 | Car Bomb Demolishes the U.S. Embassy in Lebanon, Killing 63 People (17 Americans) |
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Alice Walker Is Awarded a Pulitzer Prize for Her Novel The Color Purple |
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1985 | 5.8 Magnitude Earthquake Kills 23, Injures 300 in China's Yunnan Province |
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1988 | Retired U.S. Auto Worker and Death Camp Guard Found Guilty of Nazi War Crimes |
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1989 | Thousands of Students Protest Chinese Government Policies |
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1993 | 6.3 Magnitude Earthquake Kills 6 in Peru |
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1994 | Beauty and the Beast Premieres at the Palace Theatre, New York |
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1996 | Islamic Terrorists Murder Greek Tourists in Egypt, Mistaking Them for Israelis |
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2008 | 5.2 Magnitude Earthquake Is Centered on West Salem, Illinois |
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