The K-12 TLC Daily Almanac

for

		OCTOBER 28

Teaching - there can be no finer calling requiring the clearest demonstration of moral and ethical behavior. Ira Shull, For the Love of Teaching

Why do you teach? Let Us Know.		Tell Us about your most memorable teacher.

Today's 5-Minute Quest

Answers to all questions can be found on this page or by using links provided on this page.
Good Luck!

BEGINNERS

1. Which two countries ended their El Chamizal land dispute on this date in 1967? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

2. Which U.S. President dedicated the Statue of Liberty on this date in 1886? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

3. In which city and state is the Levi Coffin house located? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

Use all of these letters to spell the name of a children's author born on this date:
REED LARK LESSON

INTERMEDIATE

1. On this date in 1949, to which country was the first female U.S. ambassador appointed? (hint: the answer is found on this page)

2. According to Florida Atlantic University, Jonas Salk was one of two doctors responsible for discovering the vaccine and serum to combat polio. Who was the other? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

3. According to Hoopedia on what date did Lenny Wilkens become the winningest coach in NBA history? (hint: you will need to use a link found on this page)

Use all of these letters to spell the title of a work by Carolyn Coman (according to Front Street Books):
I SEAT WHAM JAW

EXPERT
(hint: all three questions will require you to use a link found on this page)

1. According to the TIME Most Important People of the 20th Century, who was Bill Gate's co-founder of Microsoft?

2. On this date in 1965, construction was completed on the St. Louis Gateway Arch. Who was the architect?

3. When the Volstead Act was passed on this date in 1919, which constitutional amendment was it intended to enforce?

Use all of these letters to spell the title of a 1991 Julia Roberts movie (according to the Internet Movie Database):
YO GINNY DUG

Levi Coffin Born on This Date 1789 [University of North Carolina]	Jonas Salk Born on This Date 1914 [Lucid Library]	Lenny Wilkens Born on This Date 1937 [Hoopedia]	Carolyn Coman Born on This Date 1951 [Penguin-Putnam]	Bill Gates Born on This Date 1955 [Biography.com]


Czech Republic: Founding Day (Observance commemorating the founding of the Czech Republic: 10/28/1918)
Greece: Ochi Day (Commemorates Greece's refusal "ochi" to support fascist Italy: 10/28/1940)
Turkey: Republic Day (Day 1 of 2)
Turkmenistan: National Day (Day 2 of 2 commemorating proclamation of sovereignty from the Soviet Union: 10/271991)



1921	Leonard Kessler (Ohio-born Children's Author, Illustrator)
1946	Judith Thurman (New York City-born Poet, Children's Author)
1951	Carolyn Coman (Chicago-born Children's Author)

1875	Gilbert H. Grosvenor (American Editor of the National Geographic Magazine)
1895	Samuel Chamberlain (Iowa-born Photographer, Writer)
1903	Evelyn Waugh (English Author)
1928	Alvin Toffler (new York City-born Author)
1929	John Hollander (New York City-born Poet)
1938	Anne Perry (English Author)
1939	Ayi Kwei Armah (Ghanian Poet)

1897	Edith Head (California-born Film Set and Fashion Designer)
1909	Francis Bacon (Irish Painter)

1896	Howard Hanson (Nebraska-born Conductor, Composer)

1792	Willard Keyes (Vermont-born Pioneer Who Established the First School in Crawford County, Wisconsin)

1914	Jonas Salk (New York City-born Medical Research Who Developed a Vaccine for Polio)

1789	Eliphalet Remington (Connecticut-born Firearms Manufacturer)
1955	Bill Gates (Washington-born Founder of Microsoft)

1789	Levi Coffin (North Carolina Minister, Abolitionist, Leader of the Underground Railroad)

1902	Elsa Manchester (English Actress)
1921	Arturo "Chico" O'Farrill (Cuban-American Jazz Musician)
1936	Charlie Daniels (North Carolina-born Country Musician)
1952	Annie Potts (Kentucky-born Actress)
1967	Julia Roberts (Georgia-born Actress)

1928	Keith Jackson (Georgia-born Sportscaster)
1937	Lenny Wilkens (New York City-born African-American Member of the Basketball Hall of Fame)
1949	Bruce Jenner (New York-born Olympic Decathlon Gold Medalist, Member of the Track and Field Hall of Fame)

1704	John Locke (English Philosopher)
1800	Artemas Ward (Massachusetts-born Revolutionary War General)
1838	Cleveland Abbe (New York City-born "Father of the U.S. National Weather Service")
1854	Ottmar Mergenthaler (German Inventor of the Linotype)
1964	Harold Burton (Massachusetts-born Associate Justice, U.S. Supreme Court)
2006	Arnold "Red" Auerbach (New York City-born Member of the Basketball Hall of Fame)
2007	Porter Wagoner (Missouri-born Member of the Country Music Hall of Fame)


312	Outnumbered Forces of Roman Emperor Constantine Defeat the Army of Maxentius

1636	Harvard University Is Founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts

1768	French Creole Leaders Petition for Expulsion of Louisiana's Spanish Governor Ulloa
1793	Eli Whitney Applied for a Patent for the Cotton Gin
1793	Cherokee, Chickasaw, Creeks, and Alibamons Form Alliance with the Spanish to Defend the Louisiana Territory From American Pressure

1804	Clark: windey Day, fair and Clear many of the Grosvantres (or Big Bellies) [Hidatsa or Gross Ventre Indians] Came to See us and hear the Council the wind being So violently hard from the S. W. provented our going into Councel, (indeed the Chiefs of the Manodans from the lower Village Could not Cross, we made up the presents and entertained Several of the Curious Cheifs whome, wished to See the Boat which was verry Curious to them viewing it as great medison, as they also viewed my black Servent [Ben York] The Black Cat* Grand Chief of the Mandans, Capt Lewis & my Self with an Interpeter walked up the river about 1½ miles our views were to examine the Situation & Timbers for a fort, we found the Situation good but the Timber Scerce, or at least Small timbr we Cunsulted the Grand Chief in respect to the other Chiefs of the Defferent Villages he gave the names of 12— George Drewyer [George Drouillard] Cought 2 Beaver above our Camp last night, we had Several presents from the Woman of Corn boild homney, Soft Corn etc. I prosent a jar to the Chiefs wife who recved it with much pleasure our men verry Chearfull this evening— we Sent the Cheifs of the Gross Vantres to Smoke a pipe with the Grand Chef of the Mandins in his Village, & told them we would Speek tomorrow. [His Indian name was Posecopsahe, variously spelled. It is from the Mandan term, púskapsi, "black cat." The captains were impressed with this chief's intelligence and friendliness, and thought he would be useful to American interests. British traders found him equally hospitable and helpful, but he made a point of displaying the American flag Lewis and Clark had given him when visited by North West Company traders in 1806. He and The Coal were supposed to be rivals, so perhaps Black Cat's authority was not as supreme as the captains imagined.] Ordway: the form of these Savvages burrying their dead is after they have disceased they fix a Scaffel on & raised 4 forks abt 8 or 10 feet from the Ground. they lye the dead body on the Sd. Scaffel Raped up in a Buffalow Robe a little distance from their villages— their villages are close compact & picketed in. when any of them loose a partickulor friend or relation they morn and cry for Some time after. Whitehouse: The officers had the Flag of the United States hoisted, which continued flying the whole of this day & we remain'd still at our encampment on the Beach*
1805	Clark: A cool windey morning we loaded our Canoes and Set out at 9 oClock, a. m. as we were about to Set out 3 canoes from above and 2 from below came to view us in one of those Canoes I observed an Indian with round hat Jacket & wore his hair cued we proceeded on river inclosed on each Side in high Clifts of about 90 feet of loose dark coloured rocks at four miles we landed at a village of 8 houses on the Stard. Side under Some rugid rocks, Those people call themselves Chil-luckit-te-quaw, live in houses Similar to those described, Speake Somewhat different language with maney words the Same & understand those in their neighbourhood Cap Lewis took a vocabilary of this Language I entered one of the houses in which I Saw a British musket, a cutlass and Several brass Tea kittles of which they appeared verry fond Saw them boiling fish in baskets with Stones, I also Saw figures of animals & men Cut & painted on boards in one Side of the house which they appeared to prize, but for what purpose I will not venter to Say,—. here we purchased five Small Dogs, Some dried buries, & white bread made of roots, the wind rose and we were obliged to lie by all day at 1 mile below on the Lard. Side. we had not been long on Shore before a Canoe came up with a man woman & 2 children, who had a fiew roots to Sell, Soon after maney others joined them from above, The wind which is the cause of our delay, does not retard the motions of those people at all, as their canoes are calculated to ride the highest waves, they are built of white cedar or Pine verry light wide in the middle and tapers at each end, with aperns, and heads of animals carved on the bow, which is generally raised. Those people make great use of Canoes, both for transpotation and fishing, they also use of bowls & baskets made of Grass & bark Splits to hold water and boil their fish & meat. Maney of the nativs of the last Village Came down Set and Smoke with us, wind blew hard accompanied with rain all the evening, our Situation not a verry good one for an encampment, but Such as it is we are obliged to put up with, the harbor is a Safe one, we encamped on the Sand wet and disagreeable one Deer killed this evening, and another wounded near our Camp.
1815	The Establishment of a Successful Salt-Mining Operation in Scott County, Indiana Is Announced
1819	Alabama Legislature Elects William Rufus King, John W. Walker as State's First U.S. Senators
1828	Arkansas' First Sunday School Is Organized At Cane Hill
1835	Texas Troops Defeat Mexicans at the Battle of Concepción
1853	The Chicago Landverein, or Land Society, Is Formed by German Immigrants - Lawyers and Preachers Are Banned from Membership
1854	Second Edition of Nathaniel Hawthorne's Mosses from an Old Manse Is Published
1855	Native Americans Kill 9 White Settlers Between Washington's Towns of Auburn and Kent
1862	Federal Ships Capture Two Florida Blockade Runners
1864	Union Forces Withdraw from the Second Battle of Fair Oaks, VA
1880	President Rutherford B. Hayes Arrives in Santa Fe as the First Sitting President to Visit New Mexico
1886	Grover Cleveland Dedicates the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor
1887	The Prison Mirror Newspaper Is First Published in the Minnesota State Penitentiary
1889	In San Francisco, Leading African Americans Organize the California Executive League to Benefit and Protect African–American Rights
1890	In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, an Exploding Oil Barrel Starts a Fire That Destroys 440 Buildings, Kills 4 People and Leaves 1,900 Homeless
1891	8.4 Magnitude Earthquake Kills 7,000 in Japan

1905	George Bernard Shaw's "Mrs. Warren's Profession" Closes After Only 5 Nights on Broadway
1912	Fort Wayne, Indiana Couple Elope in a Biplane, Getting Married After Crash Landing at Michigan's Hillsdale College
1915	In Delaware, Machinists Strike Wilmington's Shipbuilding Pusey and Jones Company, Demanding an 8-hour Day
1918	Czech Independence Declared from Fallen Austria-Hungarian Empire
1918	In Newark, the University of Delaware Reopens After Being Closed for Three Weeks Due to the Spanish Flu Pandemic
1919	The U.S. Congress Passes Volstead Act (Prohibition) over President Wilson's Veto
1922	Fascist Benito Mussolini Takes Control of the Italian Government
1927	Pan Am Initiates Air Mail Service Between Key West and Havana
1934	Mohandas Gandhi Resigns from India's Congress
1936	The Matanuska Valley Cooperative Association Is Organized in Palmer, Alaska
1936	In Janesville, Wisconsin, Republican Vice Presidential Candidate Frank W. Knox Charges the FDR Administration with Corruption and Cronyism
1940	Italy Invades Greece
1940	British Ocean Liner Empress Is Sunk by German U-Boat: 45 of 623 Aboard Die
1945	San Antonio's German-language Freie Presse für Texas Ceases Publication after 80 Years
1946	President Truman Appoints First Members of the Atomic Energy Commission
1949	President Truman Swears in Eugenie Moore As First Female U.S. Ambassador (Denmark)

1950	Jack Benny's Television Show Debuts
1954	Ernest Hemingway Is Selected as the Nobel Laureate for Literature
1958	Italy's Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli Is Elected Pope, Taking the Name John XXIII
	14 Die in West Virginia Mine Explosion
	Truman Capote's Breakfast at Tiffany's Is Published by Random House
1962	Soviet Leader Nikita Khrushchev Agrees to Remove Russian Missiles from Cuba: Crisis Ends
1965	Construction Is Completed on the St. Louis Gateway Arch
1965	Pope Paul VI Decree Absolves Jews of Guilt for the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ
1967	U.S. & Mexico Formally End 600-Acre El Chamizal Land Dispute
1969	Boeing Is Contracted to Build the NASA Moon Buggy
1971	England Is the Sixth Country to Place a Satellite (Prospero) into Orbit
1973	Secretariat Runs His Final Race, a Win at the Canadian International
1976	Former Nixon Aide John Ehrlichman Imprisoned for Watergate Crimes
1979	Chairman Hua Kuo-Feng Is First Chinese Leader to Visit Britain
1983	7.0 Magnitude Earthquake Kills 2 in Idaho
1998	President Clinton Signs the Digital Millennium Copyright Act

2001	Masked Gunmen Kill 18 in an Eastern Pakistan Church
2002	Laurence Foley, a U.S. Officer for International Development Is Assassinated in Jordan
2007	Argentine First Lady, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, Is Elected to Succeed Her Husband as President

OCTOBER 28